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Monday, January 16, 2012

Genetic Marker Predicts Taxane-Induced Neuropathy - OncologySTAT

Genetic Marker Predicts Taxane-Induced Neuropathy - OncologySTAT

This is from May 2011:

Optimism for a Genetic Predictor of Taxane Neurotoxicity

"The first potential biomarker useful in predicting taxane neurotoxicity may be near. A marker in the RWDD3 gene was identified in an ECOG study of 2204 patients with early-stage breast cancer after 12 weeks of weekly paclitaxel. Results are to be presented at ASCO. Divided into 3 genetic subgroups, neuropathy occurred in 27%, 40%, and 60% of patients at 15 months. A subset analysis is underway for African American patients, who had a twofold increase in neuropathy.
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Older people and blacks, the same study found, are at elevated risk of developing neuropathy, which affects up to a third of people receiving chemotherapy with taxane drugs such as paclitaxel.
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By looking at more than 1.2 million SNPs in each patient, Dr. Schneider and his colleagues were able to identify genetic subgroups most likely to develop neuropathy. "Those who carried two normal nucleotides in a specific regulatory gene had a 27% chance of experiencing neuropathy," the investigators wrote in their abstract. "But those who carried one normal nucleotide and one SNP had a 40% chance and those who carried two SNPs had a 60% chance."

Dr. Schneider and his colleagues also found that older patients and blacks were much more likely to have peripheral neuropathy. The likelihood of neuropathy increased 12.9% with every decade of age. Blacks saw a twofold increase in the likelihood of developing neuropathy.

Read full article @
http://oncologystat.com/news/Genetic_Marker_Predicts_Taxane-Induced_Neuropathy_US.html

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Pharmacy History

"The earliest known compilation of medicinal substances was ARIANA the Sushruta Samhita, an Indian Ayurvedic treatise attributed to Sushruta in the 6th century BC. However, the earliest text as preserved dates to the 3rd or 4th century AD.
Many Sumerian (late 6th millennium BC - early 2nd millennium BC) cuneiform clay tablets record prescriptions for medicine.[3]

Ancient Egyptian pharmacological knowledge was recorded in various papyri such as the Ebers Papyrus of 1550 BC, and the Edwin Smith Papyrus of the 16th century BC.

The earliest known Chinese manual on materia medica is the Shennong Bencao Jing (The Divine Farmer's Herb-Root Classic), dating back to the 1st century AD. It was compiled during the Han dynasty and was attributed to the mythical Shennong. Earlier literature included lists of prescriptions for specific ailments, exemplified by a manuscript "Recipes for 52 Ailments", found in the Mawangdui tomb, sealed in 168 BC. Further details on Chinese pharmacy can be found in the Pharmacy in China article."

From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy#History_of_pharmacy

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